Characteristics of hazardous waste
Including corrosiveness, toxicity, flammability, reactivity, and infectivity
Common corrosive hazardous waste: waste alkali liquid and alkali residue, waste acid, acid sludge, acid residue; Common toxic hazardous wastes include: oil/water, hydrocarbon/water mixtures or emulsions, discarded lead-acid batteries, cadmium nickel batteries, waste circuit boards, etc;
Common flammable hazardous waste: oil sludge and oil feet generated from petroleum extraction and refining, spilled waste oil or emulsions, waste paraffin and lubricating oil;
Common reactive hazardous waste: wastewater treatment sludge generated during the production and processing of explosives, waste charcoal generated during the treatment of wastewater containing explosives, pink water, red water generated during the production of TNT, and wastewater treatment sludge;
Common infectious hazardous waste: infectious waste, damaging waste, and waste that needs to be collected and disposed of to prevent animal infectious diseases.
Identification of hazardous waste
1. Identification stage
(1) Environmental Impact Assessment Stage: Based on relevant regulations such as the "Guidelines for Identification of Solid Waste", "General Principles for Identification of Hazardous Waste", and "Guidelines for Environmental Impact Assessment of Hazardous Waste in Construction Projects", the properties of substances generated by construction projects are determined.
(2) Stage of developing management plan: According to the "Guidelines for Developing Management Plans for Hazardous Waste Generating Units" and relevant regulations of this city, the material properties are clearly defined in the management plan.
2. Basis for judgment
(1) Determine whether the substance belongs to solid waste according to the "General Rules for Identification Standards of Solid Waste" (GB34330-2017);
(2) If it is determined to be solid waste, it shall be judged according to the National Hazardous Waste List (2016 edition). Directly classified as hazardous waste if included in the National Hazardous Waste List (2016 edition);
(3) If not included, it shall be identified according to the national hazardous waste identification standards and methods. If it has hazardous characteristics identified according to the national hazardous waste identification standards and methods, it shall be classified as hazardous waste. If it is identified as not having hazardous characteristics, it shall not be classified as hazardous waste;
(4) According to the national standards and methods for identifying hazardous waste, if it may have harmful effects on human health or the ecological environment, it shall be determined by experts organized by the Ministry of Ecology and Environment.
Management of hazardous waste
1. Units that develop management plans and apply for registration of hazardous waste must formulate hazardous waste management plans in accordance with relevant national and local regulations, and declare relevant information on the types, quantities, flows, storage, disposal, and other related information of hazardous waste. Municipal waste production enterprises need to register on the provincial solid waste management platform, and register hazardous waste categories, declare and register, fill out management plans, register accounts, and apply for hazardous waste on the platform.
2. Storage
(1) Storage site management: Construct a dedicated storage site for hazardous waste, and take measures to prevent leakage, scattering, and overflow.
(2) Containers and packaging materials that contain hazardous waste, as well as facilities and places that generate, collect, store, transport, and dispose of hazardous waste, must be marked with hazardous waste identification labels.
(3) Classified storage: Hazardous waste and non hazardous waste must be stored separately and cannot be stacked together; Except for solid hazardous waste that does not hydrolyze or volatilize at room temperature and pressure, other hazardous waste must be placed in containers; Hazardous waste that cannot be packed into commonly used containers can be contained in leak proof plastic bags, etc; Incompatible (reacting with each other) hazardous waste cannot be mixed in the same container and must be stored separately with isolation partitions; Sufficient space must be left in containers for loading liquid and semi-solid hazardous waste, with a space of at least 100mm between the top of the container and the surface of the liquid.
(4) Ledger: Establish a ledger for the entry and exit of hazardous waste, truthfully record and standardize the entry, exit, and storage of hazardous waste, including name, type, quantity, source, entry and exit time, destination, and signature of the handover person.
3. Self handling and disposal
Encourage key enterprises that generate large amounts of hazardous waste to build their own waste treatment and disposal facilities, encourage them to apply for hazardous waste business licenses in accordance with the law, provide socialized services, and reduce the risks of waste transportation and turnover.
4. Outsourced disposal
(1) Signing contracts: Sign hazardous waste transportation and disposal contracts with qualified hazardous waste transportation and disposal units.
(2) Transfer: Log in to the provincial solid waste management platform to submit the transfer plan for approval and apply for hazardous waste transfer.